Quantum Computers May Hit a Ceiling Around 1,000 Qubits — Oxford's Palmer Publishes Hilbert Space Limit in PNAS
Tim Palmer at Oxford published in PNAS that quantum computers may face a fundamental physical limit around ~1,000 qubits due to constraints in Hilbert space's information-carrying capacity. Palmer argues the physical substrate cannot support fully independent values across exponentially growing dimensions, potentially capping quantum advantage far below projections for cryptography and optimization.